So BSNL's using lower bands with less bandwidth those should offer lower downlink speed, that's what I am getting. But BSNL 4G is having coverage issues, why? That should not be there as BSNL 4G is mostly running on LTE700 which should give a massive coverage - which can compete with bygone era's CDMA tech's coverage area as it was offered over 800MHz band.
BSNL's internal analysis reveals that over 132,000 cells are transmitting power below 35 dBm (approximately 3.16W or watts), whereas the desired level is 46 dBm (40W). This discrepancy means the towers are emitting only a fraction of their intended signal strength, severely impacting coverage and service quality. TRAI's drive tests have corroborated user complaints about BSNL's inferior performance. BSNL already informed this issue to TCS and Tejas Networks to improve the situation.
Tejas' equipments are not only causing headache to BSNL; since late 2024 Bharti Airtel has found that Tejas-made BSNL 4G equipment emitted signals are peeping to Airtel's LTE900 network in Rajasthan. Airtel investigated that filters in Tejas's 'sub-standard' radio equipment are designed for a broader international frequency range (864-894 MHz) but don't align with India's strict 800 MHz downlink allocation (869-889 MHz), causing spillover. Though Airtel sent letters on December end to Tejas to rectify the issues, Tejas told that their equipment follow international 3GPP standards and further rectification in process with DoT's directives. Tejas also informed Airtel put their 4G BTSs are in close proximity to BSNL's 4G BTSs without ensuring adequate coupling loss to minimize signal disruption.
But we can see many BTS put in same tower, so close placement of BTS causing issues, as told by Tejas is not the reason of interference. Insiders told that the issue lies in spectrum allocation to BSNL by Wireless Planning and Coordination (WPC) wing of the DoT who assigned the band without following 3GPP-recommended guard band norms. At the end BSNL-Tejas has put filters in more than 1,000 sites. But in future Airtel must inform to BSNL regarding new BTS installation in new sites to avoid such issues.
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